A blue screen with inscriptions appears on the computer. Solving the problem of blue screens in Windows. Problems with programs

Hello friends! If you know firsthand what a blue screen of death is, and what’s worse, you often encounter it, then this article should help you. Now I will try to write in detail about Why do blue screens often appear? death, and how to check RAM for errors standard Windows memory checker.

You may ask why I write about blue screens and diagnostics. RAM in one article? Yes, because RAM, or rather problems with it, are very often accompanied by blue screens, with different errors, and at different times. This is, of course, my opinion, but in about 60% of blue screens, problems with RAM are to blame.

What to do if blue screens appear frequently?

As they say, true story :). My friend has almost new computer, and he was already taken out of nowhere. They appear at any time, that is, there is no certain pattern that something was done and there was an error. A blue screen may appear once a day, or immediately when you turn on the computer, or maybe after several hours of operation.

As he already noted, these error screens appear most often 0x0000000A And 0x0000008e(there may be other error codes). Of course, only a reboot helps. But it doesn't save for long.

It’s almost impossible to work on such a computer; you don’t know when this error will pop up.

I advised you to scan your RAM for errors, at least with a standard one Windows tool. After he launched the test, not even 15 minutes had passed (and RAM takes a long time to test) when a message appeared stating that problems with RAM were detected. In fact, if at least some memory errors are found, then there is no point in continuing scanning. Here is the reason for the errors, in the form of blue screens.

I’ll say right away, so as not to forget later, it will no longer be possible to fix the RAM. It can only be replaced. And utilities like standard remedy memory diagnostics, and a utility such as Memtest86+, which I will write about in a separate article, does only diagnostics, but not repair.

Checking memory with a standard utility in Windows 7

Now I will write about how to check the RAM using a standard utility that is already included in the Windows operating system. I'll show you on Windows example 7. It's called.

Open “Start” and type in the search bar:

Run mdsched.

Click on “Reboot and check”.

The computer will reboot and the RAM check will automatically begin.

I warn you right away that the verification may take a long time. After the test, the computer will turn on itself and a report on the test result will appear. This window appeared after checking the RAM from a friend.

After such messages, you need to change the RAM. If you have two (or more) sticks of RAM, then you can leave, for example, only one and run the check again to find the problematic module.

You can also borrow a RAM from a friend and work with it for a while. See if blue screens appear. If yes, then look for other reasons, but if everything is fine, and most likely it will be, then buy new RAM.

That's all, I also want to wish you good luck, in this matter, it will come in handy :). And congratulate you on the upcoming New Year holidays!

No matter how inexperienced the computer owner is, sooner or later he may encounter such a symptom as a “blue screen”. This usually means that there are serious problems with the computer, and it’s time to call in a repairman.

What is a blue screen?

The concept of “blue screen of death” has been known since the first versions of Windows appeared. Outwardly, it appears as English inscriptions in white letters on a blue background. However, it is often possible to get rid of it by restarting the computer with or without the RESET button, or by turning off the power and turning it on again.

The appearance of a blue screen indicates problems in the system, so it is not recommended to ignore such symptoms. It is necessary to urgently diagnose the computer, because... when a blue screen appears, after a while you can end up with a completely inoperable computer, lose important data, etc.

Story

The term “blue screen” appeared thanks to Eric Noes, who introduced it into practice in 1991, while working for a Californian company. During the development of the first versions of Windows (then referred to as 1.0 and 2.0), error messages were displayed on black screens, but it was changed to blue, which is better perceived by the eyes and is less annoying.

Since then, including the latest widespread modifications of Windows 8, the screen continues to turn blue when critical errors occur. If we turn to the origins of the transition to it, we can note that the original name of this type of error sounds in English as Blue Screen of Death, abbreviated as BSoD.

STOP code

This is also the name of a blue screen that appears as a result of a critical error that does not allow the operating system to fully function. For this reason, a decision is made to stop its operation and a message about this is displayed on the screen. Not just symbols appear on the monitor, but a description in English of the causes and the most optimal ways to eliminate them.

There is a whole list of different codes that, in addition to text, also have a digital designation starting with 0x (then comes a digital combination in the 16th calculus system). The information is intended for technical specialist, the average user is usually powerless to understand anything. Although you can try to find a description of the error on the Internet, entering as search query the phrase "bsod codes".

Why does a blue screen appear?

The list of failures and problems that cause a blue screen is quite large. And the text description does not always accurately indicate the true reason. By studying the description of the main STOP errors, you can find out the most likely node where the malfunction occurs, but only a specialist can reliably check it.

Replacement of components

It’s easier to find out the reason why this blue screen appears when some action has been performed on the computer: an upgrade, driver update, or operating system. Thus, replacing individual components, for example, memory modules, video cards, hard drive, may lead to a chance to see a STOP error.

The reason may be a malfunction of the devices themselves and their incompatibility with new models. After upgrading the hardware, it is recommended to do this with the driver of the replaced device. Otherwise, the problem may manifest itself from periodic display of a message on the monitor screen about stopping the system, to a closed loop without a chance Windows startup to correct the situation (reinstalling the driver, removing it, etc.).

In the simplest case, it is enough to restart the computer, in more difficult situations at least for a while you will have to return the old hardware. It is worth noting that with such an error, all unsaved data that the user was working with at the time of the blue screen is lost.

Incorrect use of the keyboard

There are known cases when a blue screen is caused by pressing certain buttons on the keyboard, or rather their combinations. This can happen by accident, for example, when a child sits down at a PC, or on purpose, they do this when they want to show their knowledge of the “intricacies” of Windows.

In this case, the appearance of a blue screen is not a manifestation of problems, but an artificial call to the function for displaying an error message. It does not have any danger, but it can lead to the loss of unsaved data or malfunctions of the system, because for it it is still a “problem”, it may turn out to be activated function recovery, resulting in lost time.

What to do when BSoD appears?

The first thing that is required from the user is to restart the computer using the RESET button or by turning off the power and turning it on again. If the error message appears again, then you need to diagnose the hardware.

Often the reason for messagesBSoDis the following equipment:

All of these procedures are mostly accessible in complexity to all users, but if in doubt, you should contact a computer service specialist.

Is it possible to avoid a blue screen?

You can prevent problems that lead to blue screens by using a number of preventative procedures. They must be carried out systematically.

• Must use antivirus programs, update them regularly.
• It is worth refusing to install a large number of untested programs.
• Use drivers downloaded only from official websites.
• Using special programs, it is necessary to clean the system of garbage (temporary files that interfere with the normal operation of the computer).

It is important to ensure that the drivers and programs you use are up to date. Gradually, developers stop supporting obsolete equipment, and it may not work correctly with new versions of programs. And, most importantly, if you have any doubts about the correctness of the actions, it is better to contact a qualified technician.

Blue screen(screen of death, BSoD screen) is a fairly common occurrence when the computer is running. It reports that the system has experienced a critical failure, after which operation cannot continue. Usually it contains a code for such a failure by which you can classify what exactly is wrong with your personal computer went wrong and try to solve the problem. Sometimes it’s enough just to reboot the system, but sometimes the consequences are very serious.

You can often find articles that say that all blue screens have a common nature, but this is complete nonsense and has nothing to do with the truth. The occurrence of a blue screen can be caused by either a technical or software failure, or a combination of both.
Technical problems include the failure of any component or their conflict with each other. Pollination of slots, overheating motherboard, as a consequence of its failure, short circuit.

In order to reduce the range of reasons, you can use the free, portable utility “Errorka”. It contains a list of error codes, their descriptions, and recommendations for eliminating these shortcomings.
If a blue screen appears to you often and without good reason, then it is better to contact service center to specialists. It is not advisable to joke with this matter.

The first thing to try is in this case- try to reset BIOS settings by pressing the DEL button at the start of loading and selecting engineering menu Load setup defaults or something similar. If it was not possible to reset the BIOS in this way, for example, in the case when an unknown password is set, it is enough to turn off the power to the system unit, remove the battery from the motherboard and let the device stand in this state for 10-15 minutes.

When the motherboard capacitors are discharged, an automatic reset will occur. Recovery or reinstalling Windows If reset BIOS completed, and the blue screen still prevents the operating system from loading, you can try to “roll back” Windows to the state of the latest working version. To do this, before booting the system, you need to press the F8 key, which brings up the boot options menu, and select safe mode in it. When the computer is booted, the system itself will prompt the user to start backup recovery.

This process is fully automated; you just need to select one of the proposed dates for the computer to be in good condition. If it is impossible to start the system in recovery mode, it is recommended to restore it from the original installation disk, from which it was originally installed. In order not to lose important information, in this case it is necessary to remove the hard drive and connect it to a known good computer, and after the backup, restore the OS to a working state.

Most common reasons sudden stop of the operating system is: installation of new equipment; virus; lack of drivers for some components; outdated Bios firmware; overheating of components; bad sectors on your hard drive. lack of free space on your hard drive; lack of normal contact of components with motherboard; incompatible equipment; failure of RAM, hard drive, motherboard components, power supply; damaged files operating system.

Incorrect overclocking of the RAM or processor can also cause an error. If the overclocking parameters are set incorrectly, the power supply is weak, or the motherboard is specific, the system will constantly generate an error upon startup. The lack of critical updates can cause the system to crash. How to remove the blue screen of death in Windows XP If the blue screen of death does appear, what should you do? Windows XP is very sensitive to installing incompatible hardware and drivers. This is what you should first pay attention to.

To overcome the problem, you must take the following measures: turn off all new equipment; check the system for viruses; delete unnecessary files, freeing up at least 15% on each logical drive; update device drivers and BIOS firmware; rollback of recently installed drivers; install the latest OS updates; test the hard drive for bad sectors (How to check hard drive for bad sectors).

If the system does not boot, then you can check Windows for viruses and remove drivers using bootable flash drive. To do this, you need to record an image of the bootable version of the operating system and carry out all the necessary operations, including backup important information. You can burn the image using the UltraIso program. A countermeasure that will eliminate hardware problems is to reinstall Windows.

If after this operation and BIOS updates The blue screen will not disappear, which means the PC has hardware problems. If installing the OS solved the problem, then the system crashed due to a software error. To find out which components have failed, you will need to sort through them, replacing: RAM; power unit; hard drive with OS installed this configuration equipment. If the above components turn out to be working, you need to thoroughly clean the system unit from dust and clean the darkened contacts on all components with an eraser.

To reduce the high heating temperature, you can install more powerful coolers on the processor and case to cool the motherboard, hard drive and memory. Recommendations for avoiding problems with starting the OS Now you know how to remove the blue screen of death in Windows XP, and what measures you need to take to do this.

Best protection from such problems is prevention. Install device drivers only from official websites of manufacturers. Do not download proprietary software from external resources. Make sure that your antivirus regularly receives database updates. When installing new hardware, make sure it is supported by your operating system and motherboard. If your power supply fluctuates, install a UPS to provide stable power to your PC.
Let's look at situations in which a blue screen of death may occur and figure out what the user should do in such cases.

Blue screen when installing an operating system update.

There is no need to take any action here, the system will return to previous version.

BSOD appears after installing an update package or drivers.

Ways to solve the problem:

if the operating system boots, you can simply remove latest update. To do this, you need to know exactly what is causing the error. If you have installed both an OS update and latest versions drivers, then try doing rollbacks sequentially. To do this, open “Search” in the taskbar, then “View” installed updates", select the one you need and delete it.
sometimes after a blue screen appears, the operating system does not boot, and the computer itself restarts several times. After this, automatic recovery starts and the user is prompted to choose a method to resolve the problem.
Go to " Additional options" and click "Restore System".

It will roll back to the last restore point (they are created automatically when you install updates or drivers). After a system restore, these drivers and updates will be removed. The process will not affect other files on your computer. If the error is resolved, disable it for a while automatic update operating system.
A blue screen appears when booting Windows 10 or while working on a computer.

The problem may be caused by an OS or driver update, incorrect operation of the equipment, overheating, or viruses. What can you do in such cases?

update the OS. To do this, open “Search” on the taskbar, then “Update Center”, follow the link and on the page that opens, click “Check for an update”.

If you recently installed new hardware, try turning off your computer and unplugging the new hardware. Put it in its place again old video card, memory stick, etc. and see if the issue is resolved.

There may be a problem with the RAM lines. To check if they work correctly, use test programs like memtest86+. If they identify “broken” rulers, the memory stick will need to be replaced.
It is possible that the equipment is overheating. Run to check Everest program. It happens that to eliminate constant blue screens, it is enough to turn off the computer and thoroughly blow out all the fans from a bottle of compressed air.

Sometimes a BSOD is caused by a firewall or antivirus software (if the DeviceLock Service agent is active). In this case, you will either need the help of a professional who will determine the cause of the software conflict with DeviceLock Service, or disable Unhook protection (Service settings → Administrator → disable Unhook protection).

if you have constant blue screens, and you know for sure that the problem is not in system updates, not in drivers or overheating, try scanning the system with anti-virus programs - it is possible that they will detect a Trojan or a virus, perhaps even more than one.
Another probable reason for the large number of BSODs is operating system errors. How to fix this problem?

Either by installing the latest service packs (if the manufacturer has already worked on the errors), or, on the contrary, by rolling back to the previous version (if the problem appeared after installing the latest Service pack, and the manufacturer does not yet know about it).

Incorrect BIOS settings. If you or some “craftsman” in lately changed something in the BIOS, after which blue screens began to appear, just return the settings to default.

incorrect operation hard drives. Open the hard drive menu with the right mouse button, go to the “Tools” tab, select “Check volume for errors.” If there are bad sectors, they can be restored using standard system tools, and the blue screen problem will be solved.

BSOD most often appears to the user for a reason; usually it is the person who provokes it. For example, adding new components, installing new, untested programs, or downloading new driver versions. Very often, a blue screen of death appears when loading Windows when the user decides to increase the memory capacity of the RAM modules on his device.

In this case, this means that the added line of RAM for some reason begins to conflict with the already installed ones. It also makes sense to check if all the wiring inside is connected correctly system unit, remove and reinsert the RAM modules, video and sound card.

If everything is in order with the computer hardware, then you should remember what was changed in the software part of the computer. You will most likely need to log in to safe mode and carry out the process of rolling back all changes to the moment when everything functioned without failures. This can be done by restoring the system to an earlier point, that is, to the moment when nothing caused the blue screen. To do this, select Control Panel from the Start menu and find the “Recovery” item there.

System Restore

A window will open in which you should click on the “Run System Restore” button and click “Next”.

Running System Restore

After this, the PC will prompt you to select a system restore point (they are created automatically when you make changes to the software)

Selecting a system restore point

Everyone who works on a computer every day has encountered the problem of a blue screen with white text. The only way to get rid of it is to restart the computer. It's called "Blue Screen of Death". Why it appears and how to eliminate these reasons will be discussed in detail in this article.

Where did this name come from?

IN modern systems Windows given The screen is no longer blue with white text. Now it depicts, for example, on Windows 8 the expression of a sad smiley. It often crashes when testing new operating systems. But this is the most harmless version of its appearance.

Firstly Windows versions Vista it was red screens. And during use earlier versions Windows 1.0 and 2.0, the screens were black. The common name for the blue screen of death was coined by California company employee Eric Noes in 1991.

Why the blue screen of death? This concept came to us from English language. The very phenomenon due to which it appears sounds like “Stop Error,” which translated means: “stop due to an error.” And the blue screen of death is a translation from Blue Screen of Death, abbreviated BSoD.

Thus, by displaying this screen on your monitor, the Windows operating system informs you that a critical error has occurred. As a result of its occurrence, the system is no longer able to operate stably and is forced to stop.

The error is displayed on a blue screen in white text describing its Stop code. Using it, you can find out the cause of its occurrence, and therefore find out ways to eliminate it. The code is a hexadecimal notation with a prefix of 0x. They are used by system services in the C programming language. Such a BSoD code can only be recognized by a competent specialist in this field. It is used in Windows XP/Vista/7/Server 2003 operating systems. Website technical support Microsoft contains detailed descriptions all errors and explains why a blue screen appears in connection with each of them. After all, in order to accurately determine the cause of the error, it is necessary to correctly recognize its parameters.

Why is there a blue screen?

There can be many factors causing operating system problems. The main reasons why blue screen of death appears are critical errors. They arise during the execution of kernel code or a driver in kernel mode, when further functioning of the operating system is impossible. Let's look at these reasons in more detail.

A blue screen appears, for example, when some components, video card, hard drive, audio adapter, or devices in PCI slots have been replaced. As a result, the drivers installed for these devices may be incompatible with the existing computer configuration. This is where it becomes impossible to continue the operation of the system and a Stop Error occurs, that is, it stops due to an error. As a result, the user is presented with a BSoD, which describes the entire problem in detail.

In such situations, only a reboot can help. As a result, all data not saved by the user is lost, and therefore the installed conflicting driver packages are lost.

A blue screen can be caused by pressing a certain key combination. This may happen accidentally if the keyboard is not handled correctly. For example, there are people who like to place various objects and stacks of documents on it, or a child, while playing with it, can press a combination of hot keys to trigger BSoD. In such a situation, the artificially caused blue screen does not contain information about errors, since they did not occur. This function is used by systems engineers to identify problems that affect the work process. computer system. Frequent intentional BSoD can lead to loss of information and malfunctions in the operating system. Therefore, you should be careful when handling the keyboard.

Actions when a blue screen appears

As mentioned above, when a blue screen appears, you need to restart your computer. If this does not help, and the error appears again, then you need to look for the cause of the problem. Let's look at cases of BSoD and troubleshooting methods.

• If you make changes to the BIOS system settings, errors may be made, which will be reported by a blue screen. In this case, you need to set the default settings, that is, select the Default item. Then the BIOS system will be reset to factory settings.
• There are virus programs, the purpose of which is to damage the MBR boot record and boot sector. To do this, you need to launch a recovery disk that has a functioning antivirus and scan the system with it. Such distributions can be downloaded from the official websites of companies involved in antivirus development. In addition, there are special utilities to check and edit boot records. Using such software, you can correct the MBR, bringing the computer into working condition.
• Often, the blue screen of death appears when RAM modules are faulty or incompatible with each other. In this case, you should install the rulers in other slots, swap them, or try installing them one at a time. In the latter case, it will be possible to identify the faulty module. You can also identify errors that occur due to problems in RAM by using utilities for testing it. For example, standard remedy under named Windows Memory Diagnostic.
• Problems with hard drive may result in a blue screen. In this case, you should check the HDD using the standard Windows utility CHKDSK. It searches for and eliminates errors, and also performs recovery bad sectors. If after using CHKDSK the error is still displayed on the screen, you should apply deeper analyzes of the HDD using specialized utilities, for example, from Acronis.

Preventing blue screens

In order not to encounter blue screen problems again, you should perform several simple rules when working with a computer.

• Do not randomly install software that is unknown to you.
• You should always have an antivirus installed on your computer, which is updated regularly.
• It is necessary to periodically clean the operating system. Because in her system folders"residues" from programs that were once installed and then removed accumulate.
• Use driver packages for components downloaded only from the official websites of hardware manufacturers.
• Computers are bound to become obsolete. Developers of new components stop supporting old ones. This means that for this reason incompatibilities may arise between software new products and outdated drivers. You should periodically upgrade your computer configuration if you want to use modern software.

Now you know why the blue screen appears. But remember that if it occurs frequently, you should definitely contact a specialist. After all, inexperienced self-medication harms not only people, but also technology.

Operating room users Windows systems often encounter such a problem as a blue screen (BSoD or screen of death) on a PC monitor. As a rule, the computer may slow down, freeze, take a long time to load, or shut down on its own. This reaction to critical errors occurs in any version of the OS, be it XP or 10. To solve the problem, you need to conduct an analysis to find out what the blue screen on the computer means in each specific case. In this article I will tell you how to troubleshoot and troubleshoot.

All reasons for a computer crashing to the “screen of death” can be divided into 2 types: software and hardware. The latter arise when there is a conflict between incompatible components (HDD, RAM), their breakdown, and during overclocking central processor or video cards. Possible reasons occurrence of software errors - a whole lot. But the most common are driver conflicts, application problems, viruses or other malware.

First of all, you should check whether processor overclocking is enabled. This can be done in the BIOS. To enter the BIOS, you need to press a special button after starting the computer. As a rule, this is F1, F2 or F12. If overclocking is enabled, then all settings must be set to default. It would be a good idea to check the startup list to find applications that in any way affect the operation of the system bus or video card. They need to be removed.

After checking the CPU, you need to run diagnostics using the built-in tools of the operating system. Before doing this, I recommend turning off auto-reboot so that the computer does not turn off while the program is running. To do this, right-click on “My Computer”. In the drop-down list, select “Properties” and then “Advanced”. In the “Boot and Recovery” footnote, click on options. Remove the marker from the “Automatic reboot” line and press Enter.

Any error in Windows is recorded in a minidump. You won’t be able to read it yourself, you need special program. The free "BlueScreenView" will do. When you launch the application, you will see a list of dumps created by the system. Select the newest one. At the top it is written detailed information, and below are all installed drivers. Click on the desired dump, now the data is conveniently compiled in one table. Go to settings and click on “crush drivers”, and then select “HTML-Report”. All information will be recorded in one html file. Open it with any browser. Look at the indicated drivers, some will be highlighted in color - they are the ones causing the failures. You can also view a copy of the original death screen through this utility. To do this, select the desired dump and click the “View” button.

Error names

Blue Screen contains hints for the user, deciphering which you can find out in which direction to dig next. In Windows versions up to and including 8.1, the error name is written after the first paragraph in capital letters with underlining, instead of a space between words, like ХХХ_YYY_ZZZ. In Windows 10, the code is indicated at the very bottom of the screen. Let's decipher some words in the following codes:

• NTFS - means that the problems arose due to malfunctions file system Windows. This happens due to physical damage hard drive or violation of the software integrity of the file system.
• BOOT – indicates a boot sector reading error. It may appear due to physical damage to the hard drive or a virus being written to the boot area. If malware is to blame, you need to boot into safe mode and scan your computer with an antivirus utility.
• BUS – as a rule, these are malfunctions in the RAM or video card. If new RAM boards are installed, then perhaps the problem is their incompatibility with the motherboard or previously installed RAM boards.
• KMODE - an error indicates problems with computer components or drivers. There can be many reasons.
• IRQL - malfunction system programs operating system.
• NONPAGED – data search error. The computer searches for the data it needs to work, but finds nothing. This happens due to hardware failure, file system failures, or files being deleted by an antivirus.
• STUCK - the system cannot retrieve data from the paging file. The reason is HDD damage or RAM failure. Scan your hard drive with the chkdsk system utility to check for damage.
• INPAGE_ERROR – the reasons for this error are similar to the previous one. The difference is that here the system cannot load the drivers necessary to start.
• KERNEL – incorrect operation of the Windows kernel. The causes can be anything - viruses, hardware damage, malfunctioning pirated software.
• SYSTEM - error on program level caused by incorrect operation of system services or third-party software.
• PFN_LIST_CORRUPT – error related to the SWAP file. Occurs as a result of corruption of the paging file number list.