All ways to enter the BIOS on a desktop computer or laptop. How to enter the BIOS - methods and keyboard shortcuts Command line in bios

It is worth noting that BIOS failure is not a common occurrence. But it still happens and it’s worth knowing what to do when it happens to us. In the article we will not consider serious service techniques with removing chips and the like - we will leave this work to professionals, believe me, such things will cost less and faster in service. We will consider software part, which is available to any user without a programmer. In 80% of cases, this will bring your BIOS to life.

What is BIOS

The word “BIOS” (Basic Input Output System) itself is translated as “basic input/output system”. This is a microcircuit system board, into which a limited basic list of parameters and commands is “hardwired”, from which we can choose the parameters that are most suitable for us. It is worth noting that on boards since 2012 you can more often find BIOS DUAL - in this type the BIOS contains two chips, one of which is the main one, and the second is used for recovery.

On modern motherboards, the process of flashing the BIOS boils down to the fact that the BIOS firmware image is written to the CMOS chip on the board. “CMOS” is the name of the technology itself by which this microcircuit is produced: “Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor” - complementary metal oxide semiconductor or “CMOS”. CMOS, as a rule, is a flash memory in which microcode is written and where all settings are stored.

It is the BIOS that transmits all the data required by the operating system for startup and installation. There’s no way without him...

Consequences of a BIOS failure

The consequences may be different:

1. I can’t enter the BIOS settings; when I go, I get to a black screen;
2. It’s impossible to call the boot menu; when called, we get to a black screen;
3. When calling up settings or BOOT menu- unclear colored dots on the screen;
4. It is not possible to start booting from a flash drive or not all bootable flash drives start. In my case, the Linux installation flash drive started, but the Mac OS boot did not want to start. Be sure to check the functionality of the bootable flash drive on another computer;
5. Does not detect USB;
6. Doesn't see CD ROM;
7. Changes are not saved after reboot;
8. Settings are not reset to default (Optimal);

These are the main signs of a BIOS failure, but there may be others.

The following may lead to failure:

1. Voltage drop when rebooting;
2. Frequent forced restart of the computer even before installing the system;
3. A large number of options in choosing loaders. Ideally there should be: hard drive, USB, DVD/CD ROM. In some cases, additional bootloaders are prescribed, for example, if correct installation MAC OS X boot loader. In this case, the list grows over time, which makes it difficult to correctly determine the device and download path;
4. Unauthorized interference with the BIOS via the command line and the like...

Resetting and flashing BIOS

The first thing we can do without resorting to services service center- this is to reset the BIOS settings to optimal. We will consider the basic principle, since there are a huge number of manufacturers and models of motherboards, we simply cannot physically consider them all. Everyone can easily find instructions specifically for their model on the Internet.

I would like to immediately note that both the reset process and the interfaces of the utilities that will be described below may differ depending on the manufacturer, but the functionality is the same for all.

Reset procedure:

After these steps, insert the battery, connect the power and turn on the computer.

When enabled, there are two options:

1. BIOS error message. We will be offered 3 or 4 options to choose from: “Save BIOS settings”, “Load BIOS settings”, “Reset BIOS to optimal settings”, “Enter BIOS”;
2. The ideal option is that the settings are reset and functionality is restored. In this case, the operating system has started, go straight to the last step and update the firmware from the manufacturer’s servers.

Let's move on to the menu items:

Modern boards often already have a built-in Q-Flash utility, which displays the same list of menu items and provides the same functions. If you can get into the settings, then all this can be done through it.

The next option is only for those who have started the system!

If your operating system started after the reset, don’t put it off until later - get the CD. that came with the motherboard (If you have one) or go to the manufacturer’s website and select and download the BIOS utility that matches your version and model.

Install the utility. A reboot may be required to complete the installation. Then we launch through the “Start” menu in Windows and a slightly expanded selection opens to us.

1. Be sure to save the BIOS settings (Save Current BIOS to File)! It may not be needed when installing incorrect firmware for recovery using the method described above directly from the BIOS.
2. We update the BIOS from the manufacturer's servers (Update BIOS from Gigabyte Server). In my case, the Gigabyte in your manufacturer may be different. We choose to update the firmware from the server, after which it will be selected for you latest version firmware specifically for your BIOS, click update, if necessary, confirm the action.
3. We are waiting for the update to complete. reboot.
4. That's it, we get a completely new and clean BIOS, and most importantly, it works like a Swiss watch.

You may be interested in:

• Firmware BIOS GIGABYTE
• How to configure booting from a flash drive or CD/DVD on computers with BIOS and UEFI
• Disappointment with Linux after Hackintosh
• GPT and MBR
• Restoring Windows from a USB flash drive

Description of the procedure

To perform this, you will need a boot device with a recorded OS (it is advisable to create it in advance). The sequence of steps to format a disk via BIOS is as follows:

1. Restart the computer with the connected media and immediately after startup enter the I/O system using the appropriate key. Usually this is F12, F8 or Escape, but if the version is very outdated, other combinations may be used.
2. In the window that appears, you need to open the Boot tab, then Boot Option Priorities. This section allows you to select where the OS will be loaded from (from a flash drive or other device), which is what you need to do. Depending on the removable media, mark the USB port or CD-ROM.
3. Exit by saving changes made, after which the computer will reboot. Before you start formatting the disk, you will need to launch the OS from the selected device by pressing any key on the laptop.
4. Call the command line. If the procedure is carried out using Windows 7 media, press the combination Shift+F10. For version 8, this method does not work; it is replaced by the user interface.
5. Make sure the drive letter is correct before formatting the drive. After starting from the boot device, it may change, so in order not to delete important files, you need to enter “wmic logicaldisk get deviceid, volumename, size, description”.
6. Go directly to the cleaning procedure. To do this, you need to enter “format /FS:NTFS X: /q” in the window, instead of X entering the desired designation, for example, C (the drive that most often needs to delete data from the system partition).

Then all that remains is to wait for the end of the process, confirming the command by pressing Enter.

Other methods

The Windows installer allows you to do without CMD, which some people are afraid to use for some reason. Here only the familiar interface will be used, but before you start formatting hard drive through the BIOS, you will have to carry out the first 3 points of the previous section.

After the language selection step, click on “ Full installation", call up a list of available disks and configure the installation. In the parameters that open, you need to mark the “Format” item with the cursor and follow further instructions. However, this method will not work if the installation operating system No Windows required.

In addition, you can use the ERD Commander program by creating a boot CD based on it. In the BIOS you will also need to select a priority device to start (in in this case- drive). When the program opens, go to the MicroSoft Diagnostic and Recovery Toolset section and click “Next” until it opens working window. In it you need to click on the “Cleaning” item, after which it will begin hard formatting disk (this is impossible through BIOS without external means).

There is another program that allows you to do the same thing and burn an emergency flash drive - AOMEI Partition Assistant Standard Edition. She is free analogue utilities for working with various drives and has a friendly interface, so the user can understand how to format a hard drive without third-party tips.

In general, the algorithm of actions is almost the same for most operating systems, but the names of the items may differ significantly from each other. The same applies to the input/output system: the names of the sections may not be the same as those given above due to differences in versions. However, although it is easier to clean a Windows hard drive, it is important to remember that using third-party tools is mandatory. It is not possible to format via BIOS due to the lack of proper functionality, so you will have to stock up on a boot device.

Many users sooner or later face the need to change certain settings in the BIOS. For novice users, the word BIOS is usually associated with something very complex and incomprehensible.

In fact, in order to enter this menu and changing individual parameters only requires performing simple operations depending on your operating system and BIOS version.

As a rule, the most popular reason for changing settings is reinstalling the operating system. In this case, users need to change the read priority of the hard drive to a DVD drive or flash drive.

Some BIOS versions have a special menu for selecting which device the system will load information from first. This way the user can avoid frequent visits BIOS menu. To call the boot menu, use the appropriate key (usually the “F11” or “F12” keys).

What is Bios, and what to do there?

BIOS is a basic input/output system, presented as a variety of programs. BIOS is responsible for interconnection and correct work individual computer components. This relationship is a fundamental point in the PC system, providing the possibility of joint correct operation of all personal computer equipment.

To configure these relationships, the BIOS has an engineering menu, which was created for the convenience of users, as well as a more comfortable selection of certain system parameters. The BIOS contains many settings, ranging from time and date settings to parameters responsible for powering individual computer components.

Each group of parameters is located in the corresponding section of the “engineering menu” of the computer. You can enter the BIOS only before starting the operating system itself. BIOS settings include various modes central processor, which are highly not recommended to change if the user does not have experience. The user, if necessary, can also adjust the cooling of computer components by increasing the speed of the installed coolers.

Moreover, in the BIOS the user can disable various computer components, for example, an additional audio or video card.

It is important to remember that settings can affect the operation of the equipment itself and lead to equipment failure, so it is recommended to change only those parameters that are known to the user.

If you have changed any settings and want to set the default settings, you can try resetting the BIOS settings to return them to their original values.

Each BIOS version has a certain set of sound signals that provide the user with information about certain errors. For example, if the equipment is faulty, the system will inform the user about this using a combination of short and long sounds. A complete set of sounds and their meanings for your BIOS can be found on the manufacturer’s website.

Photo: decoding BIOS beeps

The most modern BIOS version is “UEFI” - a system from Intel, which is installed on the equipment of this company.

Call methods

There are two main ways to enter the BIOS menu:

• the first method is a classic option, and until a certain time was used to enter almost any BIOS;
• the second method appeared with Windows release 8, which made significant changes to the operating system boot.

1 way. Keyboard shortcut

To enter the menu using this method, you must press a certain key while the computer is booting until the operating system begins to load. It is recommended to press not once, but several times until the engineering menu interface is loaded. So, which button does one use to enter the BIOS? Each manufacturer of motherboards that have a built-in BIOS system sets different keyboard shortcuts for entry.

The most common solution for personal computers is the “Del” button. In some cases, the key combination “Ctrl+Alt+Esc” is used. There are also options with the “F1” and “F2” keys.

As a rule, manufacturers indicate a key combination or a separate key at the bottom of the screen when the computer boots.

If you do not have time to press any keys before loading the operating system, then you have UEFI and you should choose the second method of entering the BIOS.

Table of keys for entering the BIOS, as well as calling the boot menu

Method 2. Windows 8.1 menu

This method is a solution for entering the BIOS with the operating system installed Windows versions 8.1. Since loading Windows 8.1 on modern computers Since “UEFI” is almost instantaneous, it is not possible to have time to press the required button.

For Windows users 8.1 to get into “UEFI” you need to click on the “Reboot” button while holding down the “Shift” button. This operation can be performed via the command line, for example, if the keyboard on the laptop does not work. To do this, open a command prompt and enter “shutdown.exe /r /o” without quotes.

To open the command line:

• press the “Start” button;
• select “Run”;
• if this item is not there, then click on the free space of the start menu and select “Properties”. In the menu that appears, check the box next to “Run command.”

The operating system will load an additional menu in which you should do the following:

• select “Diagnostics” (“Troubleshoot”);
• in the submenu you need to open “ Additional options"("Advanced Settings");
• then select “UEFI Firmware Settings”. If this item is not present and you cannot enter the new BIOS through Windows, then your computer does not use UEFI technology. In this case, you can load the BIOS using certain keys (method 1).

How to enter Bios from a laptop

In order to enter the BIOS settings when booting the laptop, you must perform the following steps:

• reboot the laptop;
• press the key to enter the BIOS until the start Windows startup. It is recommended to start pressing this key as soon as the computer starts to start;
• As a rule, this key is indicated in the corner of the screen when the computer starts.

Keys for entering BIOS from the most popular manufacturers:

• F1 – basic models from Lenovo, HP, Dell;
• F2 - Acer, Asus, Samsung laptops;
• F3 – rare Dell and Sony models;
• F10 – Toshiba;
• F12 – Lenovo;
• Ctrl+F2, Ctrl+Alt+Esc - some Acer models.

Video: How to enter BIOS on a laptop

How to save settings and exit BIOS

After making the necessary settings in the BIOS, you need to save the changes. To do this, press the “F10” button and select “Save and Exit”, after which the computer will reboot and the changes to the BIOS settings will take effect. It is impossible to log into the system without restarting the computer.

To exit the BIOS without saving parameter changes, you must press the “Esc” key.

This feature is especially useful for inexperienced users. If you doubt that you have changed any unnecessary parameters, we recommend that you exit without saving and make the necessary settings in the BIOS again.

Photo: confirmation of saving settings and exiting BIOS

Possible problems when logging in

One of the most common problems is the need to enter a password to enter the BIOS. By default, no password is set to enter the menu, but if the system asks you to enter it, it means it was set by another user. In this case, the situation will be saved engineering password, which represents a different set of letters and numbers for different BIOSes.

Universal passwords for AMI BIOS:

If an error occurs while working with one or another computer hardware, the BIOS can also display various messages indicating the nature of the failure. Each BIOS manufacturer has a special set of system error messages, comments for which you can find on the website of your BIOS manufacturer.

The BIOS is responsible for many different functions and settings, so every user should know how to enter the BIOS with their hardware configuration. As a rule, sooner or later, every user is faced with the need to change certain settings in the BIOS.

Despite the fact that different manufacturers install different keys to enter the BIOS, access engineering menu Installs quite easily. Thanks to these instructions, even novice users will be able to enter the BIOS, for example, to change the device reading priority when installing Windows.

The most important and decisive point is to determine the required key or combination to access the engineering menu. If you decide to update the BIOS, you should clearly define the reason for performing this operation. If your system works correctly and you are satisfied with the number of BIOS functions, we recommend not updating the BIOS due to possible appearance problematic situations.

The ROM (Continuous Memory) chip contains the BIOS (Basic Input Output System) program, which, after turning on the computer, checks all controllers for motherboard. If the check was successful, control of the computer is transferred to the operating system.

Instructions

1. However, it may happen that after installing new devices or Windows programs won't load. In this case, additional boot modes are used, including “Harmless mode using the command line.”

2. Restart your computer and press F8 after the initial hardware scan by the POST (device self-test) program. The signal for successful completion of the test will be one short “beep” if the speaker is connected to the motherboard. The system will offer you a menu for selecting boot options. Use the Up and Down control keys to highlight the desired item and press Enter.

3. Command line provides direct interaction between the user and the operating system, bypassing the window Windows interface. Enter the systeminfo command to get detailed information about the system and network connections computer.

4. If the tasks at booting Windows appeared due to errors file system, to correct it, you can use the command chkdsk c: /f /r, where c: is the name of the system drive. The /f switch corrects errors, the /r switch marks bad sectors and recovers data that can be read.

5. To check only the file system, use the chkntfs c command: To get full list programs, type help.

6. The hotkey combinations Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V do not work in the command line. If you need to copy part of the code and paste it somewhere else, right-click on the blue box at the top of the console window and select the "Edit" option, then "Mark".

7. Use your mouse to select the desired part of the text and select “Copy”. After that, right-click in the desired place in the window and select “Paste.” To execute any command a second time, select it using the Up and Down control keys and press Enter.

The command line as part of the Windows line of operating systems is provided as a product with a text shell, i.e. it has no graphic origin. Using the commands used on the command line, you can perform some actions that cannot be performed using ordinary means in graphical mode.

You will need

• Command line of Windows operating systems.

Instructions

1. Executable file The command line in Windows operating systems is cmd.exe. This file can be found in the C:WindowsSystem32 directory. If you are not yet comfortable navigating among the folders on your hard drive, run Command line much easier. Click the "Start" menu, select "Run", in the window that opens, enter cmd or cmd.exe and click "OK".

2. You can also launch this utility using another method. Click the "Start" menu, select "Programs", from the list that opens, select the "Typical" section, then Command Line.

3. Working with the command line involves entering some commands. There are a number of commands that are constantly used on the command line, so their names are shortened to a minimum, say, the cd command. This command is needed to navigate to the specified directory. After launching the command line, enter the cd command, followed by a space and specify the full path to the folder (C:Program FilesPrimer).

4. To view the contents of the directory you select, enter the command dir and press Enter on your keyboard. It is also possible to save the results of this query in any text document, the name of which you can specify yourself. Let's say in open window From the command line, enter the command dir > rezultat.txt and press Enter. Name for text document was taken arbitrarily, i.e. you can change to another option.

5. If you are not happy with the display of values ​​in the Command Prompt window, change it to your liking by going to its settings. This can be done by left-clicking on the left top corner program, preferring the “Properties” item. Because The main work in this program is done using the keyboard; you can call up the settings section by pressing a few keys: press the key combination Ctrl + Space, then click “Properties”.

6. Most often, in the command line window, you need to change the font display settings, its size, and color. But these are not exceptional metamorphoses that should be introduced into this program. Do not forget that the command line, even if it is built on working with text, graphical probabilities are also present in it. Activate the “Mouse selection” option in the “Edit” block; this will save valuable time spent on transferring the required value to a separate document.

Video on the topic

If the operating system does not boot, the first action of most users is to reinstall it. And every computer user knows how much trouble is associated with this. This includes reinstalling drivers and losing some data. Meanwhile, there is another way out of the situation: loading the system from the command line, through which you can try to restore the normal operation of the operating system.

You will need

• – a computer with Windows OS.

Instructions

1. You can boot the system from the command line regardless of whether your operating system is running or the computer is constantly rebooting. The main thing is for it to start loading. Even if the OS fails, if the initial boot begins, you will be able to boot from the command line.

2. Turn on your computer. Immediately after turning it on, continuously press the Windows key combination + R. The Windows key on a standard keyboard is in the very bottom row, second from the left (it has the logo Microsoft). Instead of the standard loading of the operating system, you will find yourself in a menu where you can choose the command line.

3. Using the arrow keys on your keyboard, select Grub command Line from the list of suggested options and press Enter. The command line is now running. In order to find out the commands that you can use to try to correct typical job operating system, enter the Help command in the line. A list of commands that can be entered will appear on the left side of the window, and a description of each command will appear on the right side.

4. Especially common commands, with the help of which you can try to restore the system. CHKDSK command. With its help, you can test a rough disk for errors. First, casually enter the CHKDSK command, and then the drive letter. Since the operating system is installed in the vast majority of cases on drive C, then, accordingly, you need to enter CHKDSK C. If you have system disk name by another letter, then enter it.

5. Also, with command line support, you can start the system repair process. To do this, enter the command Rstrui.exe. A console will appear, using which you will be able to restore Windows functionality. Also, for the correction process, you may need a disk with the distribution of your operating system.

The command line is used to execute various commands entered from the keyboard. It provides communication between the user and the operating system. To insert the required text into the command line line, the user may have to change his habits.

Instructions

1. To open the command line, click the "Start" button or Windows key with the image of a waving flag, expand all programs in the menu. Select the “Command Line” item in the “Typical” folder by left-clicking on it.

2. In the operating room Windows system There are several methods for inserting text. If you are used to using the hot keys Ctrl+V or Shift+Insert, you will have to forget about them when working with the command line - these combinations do not work here.

3. If you don't want to type text by hand, the only method left is to insert a mouse-enabled command. Copy the command to the clipboard, call the command line, right-click in the desired location and select context menu"Insert" item. Press the Enter key to confirm entering the command.

4. If for some reason pasting commands from the clipboard using the mouse does not work for you, change the layout to Cyrillic (this is significant) and press the keyboard shortcut Alt+Space (spacebar)+Q. A new Properties: Command Prompt dialog box will open.

5. In it, go to the “General” tab and set the marker in the “Quick Paste” field in the “Editing” group. If you plan not only to paste text into the command line line, but also copy data from it to other documents, also check the “Mouse selection” item.

6. Click OK to confirm your actions. The system will offer you one of the options: “Change properties of the current window only” (the settings will be made until you close the command line window) or “Change the shortcut to launch this window” (the selected parameters will be used whenever you call the command line) .

7. Depending on your needs, mark one of the fields with a marker and click on the OK button. To copy a piece of text from the command line, select it with mouse support and press the Ctrl+C key combination. Hot keys work to copy data.

Everyone who actively uses their PC sooner or later is faced with the need to enter the BIOS. However, this does not always work out. Now we will talk about how to enter the BIOS, and also look at the basic settings that are available to the user there.

The name BIOS is an English abbreviation that stands for basic input/output system or Basic Input and Output System. BIOS is one of the main systems of any PC; it is responsible for turning on the computer, starting connected components, loading the operating system, as well as interaction of the operating system with the hardware. It can be said that on basic level The BIOS controls the entire computer.

In what situations does it become necessary to enter the BIOS:

• Overclocking your computer. Using BIOS, you can specify non-standard frequencies and voltages for the processor, memory and other components. This way, you can improve the performance of the processor and the entire computer.
• Selecting a disk to boot the operating system. In the BIOS, the user can specify the drives from which the operating system should boot. In this case, it is possible to specify several drives from which loading is possible. In this case, the computer will try to load the operating system from the first drive, and if it fails, it will move on to the next one.
• Enable or disable integrated components. Some integrated components (for example, sound card) can be disabled and enabled via BIOS.
• Setting the system date and time. Through BIOS you can specify system date and time. When the date and time information is also reset, after which you need to set the system clock again.
• Computer health monitoring. Through the BIOS you can access some data about the state of the computer. For example, you can.
• Turn on or off some specific computer features.

In order to enter the BIOS, you need to press a special key on the keyboard while the computer boots, almost immediately after pressing the power button.

Most often, when the computer boots, a message appears on the screen telling you which key you need to press. This message looks something like this: “Press Del to enter Setup” and appears at the bottom of the screen immediately after the computer starts booting. In most cases, in order to enter the BIOS you need to press Delete. Therefore, if when you boot your computer you do not see a message about which key you need to press, then try Delete first.

However, the Delete key is not always used. Sometimes other keys or even key combinations may be used.

Keys that are most often used to enter BIOS:

• DELETE

In addition, on some PCs, the following key combinations can be used to enter the BIOS:

• Ctrl+Alt+Esc
• Ctrl+Alt+Ins
• Ctrl+Alt+S
• Ctrl+Alt+Del
• Ctrl+Alt
• Fn+F1
• Ctrl+Ins
• Ctrl+Alt+Enter

Once you have entered the BIOS, you can navigate through all its items using the keyboard. Let's look at the main keys that are used for control:

• Arrows – move up, down and sideways;
• F1 – open partition using;
• F6 or F9 – set standard settings;
• F10 – save all changes in settings and exit;
• Enter – enter the selected menu;
• Esc – back or exit. Using this key you can go back to the previous screen. If you are on the first screen, you can use the Esc key to exit and restart your computer;
• Plus and minus keys – Change value. Use the +/- keys to change the selected value;
• Tab – select a value;

how to enter the command line through BIOS?

1. NO WAY!
   Here's some info for you: there is a BIOS!
   BIOS (English Basic Input-Output System basic input-output system, BSVV) small program, located in ROM and responsible for the most basic functions of the interface and settings of the equipment on which it is installed. Most widely known among computer users Motherboard BIOS boards, but BIOS are present in almost all computer components: video adapters, network adapters, modems, disk controllers, printers.

   The designation of such basic software by the term BIOS is typical for personal computers based on processors with x86 architecture. For computers based on other types of processors, different terms are used to refer to the software that performs similar functions, for example, the basic software of machines with a SPARC architecture processor is called PROM.
   Purpose of the motherboard BIOS
   Home BIOS function motherboard initialization of devices connected to the motherboard immediately after turning on the computer's power. The BIOS checks the performance of devices (the so-called self-test, English POST Power-On Self Test), sets low-level parameters of their operation (for example, the bus frequency of the central microprocessor), and then searches for the operating system loader (English Boot Loader) on available storage media and transfer control to the operating system. The operating system can change most of the settings initially specified in the BIOS during operation. Many are old personal computers, which did not have a full-fledged operating system, or was not loaded required by the user, called the built-in BASIC language interpreter. In some implementations, the BIOS allows loading the operating system through interfaces that were not originally intended for this, including USB and IEEE 1394. Booting over a network is also possible (used, for example, in so-called thin clients).

   The BIOS also contains a minimum set of service functions (for example, for displaying messages on the screen or receiving characters from the keyboard), which determines the decoding of its name: Basic Input-Output System Basic input-output system.

   Some BIOSes provide additional functionality (for example, playback of audio CDs or DVDs), support for a built-in working environment (for example, a Basic language interpreter), etc.

   With development computer systems BIOS as a technology is becoming obsolete due to a number of limitations, primarily due to its bit depth (16 bits) and addressable memory capacity (1 MB); To fundamentally replace the BIOS, a number of computer system manufacturers have proposed and are implementing UEFI technology.

   edit BIOS setup motherboard
   Depending on the BIOS version and motherboard model, BIOS setup functions may vary, as well as different versions the same functions may have different names. Background information Setting instructions can be found in the instructions for the motherboard or on the Internet.

   The BIOS is configured through a special interface. BIOS setup should be performed by trained personnel. Incorrect intervention may disrupt the operation of the computer

2. When you start the computer, immediately press F8 several times
   then the boot menu will open
   choose safe mode with command line support
   (Safe mode with command prompt)
3. no way. this is a system component
4. This is a stupid question, you can't get into Bios
   possible from under the system
   or from boot disk
5. enter command line chkdsk c:/f/r
6. Already discussed here, use mwfix